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- Introduction to Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS):
- Absorption and scattering contrast
- Physiological contrasts
- Functional contrasts
- Light propagation in biological tissue
- Quantifying hemoglobin changes: modified Beer-Lambert law
- fNIRS history
- NIRS modalities:
- Cerebral Oximeters
- CW-NIRS
- FD-NIRS
- TD-NIRS
- DCS
- Imaging
- 2D mapping = topography
- 3D reconstruction = tomography
- Atlas head model
- Challenges
- Sensitivity to brain
- Differential path-length & Partial volume error
- Potential for hemoglobin cross-talk
- Accuracy of NIRS focal changes
- Spatial resolution and localization
- Systemic physiology contamination
- Short separation and other filters
- Additional consideration for successful use in clinical and neuroscience application
- Devices choices: signal to noise ratio and dynamic range
- ANSI standards